What are the main families / currents of psychotherapy?
The texts below are taken from this article "The different trends of psychotherapy, their field of action and their limits M. Sandor-Buthaud" :
file:///C:/Users/Ma%C3%AFl%C3%A9%20ONFRAY/Downloads/Les%20diffe%CC%81rents%20courants%20de%20psychothe%CC%81rapies,%20leurs%20champs%20et%20leurs%20de%CC%81limitations%20(1).pdf
and this site : https://www.formation-therapeute.com/choix-methodes/les-grandes-familles-de-therapie.html
The Humanist current
"Humanistic psychology was developed by Abraham Maslow (1960)."
The main constituent approaches of this current are:
Carl Rogers' client-centered therapy,
Jacob Levi Moreno's psychodrama,
the gestalt of Frederick Perls
Alexander Lowen's bioenergy
Existential psychotherapy
Emotionally focused therapy
Focusing
Logotherapy
Motivational interview
This approach is centered on the present and relies on the person's ability to find their own solutions to their difficulties, to direct their existence and to achieve their full potential. The therapist facilitates self-exploration by providing a context of trust and respect that aims to experiment with new ways of being or acting. The therapist-client relationship is egalitarian and not directive.
The psychoanalytic current
"What characterizes this current is the relation to the unconscious and the work of, and on, the unconscious through the experience and analysis of the transference. The symptom is not treated directly. What is to be treated" "Is the psychic structure that has been formed in the person's unconscious throughout his history and mainly in his childhood. This structure organizes the modes of desire, the way of approaching life, death, the limit, and the relation to the other, and to the world. It is a question of establishing a relation with the unconscious allowing an investigation and possibly a transformation of the structures and psychic processes at the source of the symptoms and the organization The establishment of this relationship takes place within a regulated framework and is based on Freud's discovery of the functioning of the unconscious, on its theory and on subsequent analytical theoretical developments (Jean Cournut, 1998) and ( Christian Gaillard, 2003) An analyst is first someone who has made a personal analysis on the couch and therefore has lived the experience of transference and, through this experience, that of the palpable, living, repetitive existence of the unconscious. It is based on a knowledge of the theories of the unconscious, on learning techniques, and on maintaining the framework in which the conditions for the appearance of unconscious processes, and those for the establishment of 'a relation to these processes. One might think that what characterizes psychoanalysis is that it is a "talking cure", a cure by talking. "
The Freudian current
The Lacanian current
The Yungian current
The behaviorist and cognitivist current
"This current is based on theories relating to the modes of acquisition of behavior to propose methods of behavior change. The best-known founders of this research are the Russian Pavlov and the American Skinner. An Inserm report on psychotherapies concluded that behavioral psychotherapies were the only “effective”. According to the Pichot and Allilaire report, they are those which are “best validated in (their) therapeutic results.” "
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Compassion-focused therapy
Dialectical behavior therapy
Rational-emotional therapy
Neuro-emotional integration through eye movements (EMDR)
Life cycle integration
Applied behavior analysis
Mindfulness and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
Functional analytical therapy
Mental field therapy
"Mental disorders for which the efficacy of CBT is proven: agoraphobia, panic attacks, panic disorder, anxiety disorders, phobias and social phobias, post-traumatic stress syndrome, acute stress state, obsessive-compulsive disorder, outpatient depression, of moderate intensity, in the elderly and hospitalized, suicide prevention, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder in women, chronic fatigue syndrome, psychosis, insomnia, alcoholism or drug addiction, anorexia nervosa and bulimia. "
The systemic or interactional current
In this orientation, a person's symptoms or problems are considered to result from an interaction with those around them and from the complexity of an individual's interrelationships with their environment. (family, circle of friends, workplace, etc.). After analyzing the situation, a solution is defined in order to best reconcile everyone's expectations. At the request of the therapist, it is possible that meetings take place with some important members of the entourage.
Systemic therapy
Strategic therapy
structural family therapy
couple therapy or family constellation